Lab Notes: Immunology Archives - Laboratory Notes https://www.laboratorynotes.com/category/lab-notes-immunology/ Mon, 28 Sep 2026 13:47:02 +0000 en hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.1.2 Immune Transcription Factor https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immune-transcription-factor/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immune-transcription-factor/#respond Mon, 28 Sep 2026 13:47:02 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=32224 Immune transcription factors control immune-cell development, differentiation, activation, inflammation, and cellular responses. Explore NF-κB, STAT proteins, immune transcription factor networks, chromatin regulation, signaling pathways, and immune gene expression.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immune-transcription-factor/feed/ 0 Chronic Inflammation https://www.laboratorynotes.com/chronic-inflammation/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/chronic-inflammation/#respond Sat, 29 Aug 2026 11:48:39 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=30106 Chronic inflammation is a long-lasting immune response that can affect tissues and contribute to various health conditions. Learn about its causes, symptoms, effects, diagnosis, and management.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/chronic-inflammation/feed/ 0 Acute Inflammation https://www.laboratorynotes.com/acute-inflammation/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/acute-inflammation/#respond Sat, 29 Aug 2026 09:12:54 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=30102 Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-term response to injury or infection. Learn about its causes, symptoms, inflammatory cells, immune response, resolution, and role in healing.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/acute-inflammation/feed/ 0 Inflammation https://www.laboratorynotes.com/inflammation/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/inflammation/#respond Fri, 28 Aug 2026 21:45:54 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=30099 Inflammation is a natural response to injury, infection, and other harmful stimuli. Learn about its types, causes, symptoms, immune mechanisms, healing, and effects on health.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/inflammation/feed/ 0 Immune Response https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immune-response/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immune-response/#comments Fri, 28 Aug 2026 20:54:22 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=30095 The immune response is the body’s natural defense against infections and harmful substances. Learn about innate and adaptive immunity, immune cells, antibodies, and immune memory.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immune-response/feed/ 1 Peptide https://www.laboratorynotes.com/peptide/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/peptide/#comments Thu, 27 Aug 2026 14:12:57 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=30018 Peptides are short chains of amino acids that act as essential messengers, regulators, and structural molecules in living organisms. This article explores how peptides are formed, how they function, and why they are vital in biology and modern medicine.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/peptide/feed/ 1 TRIM5α https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim5%ce%b1/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim5%ce%b1/#respond Tue, 25 Aug 2026 07:31:25 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=29831 TRIM5α is a specialised antiviral ubiquitin ligase that recognises retroviral capsids, assembles K63‑linked ubiquitin chains and promotes autophagic degradation. Its tripartite motif and SPRY domain enable potent restriction of retroviruses, making TRIM5α a key factor in innate antiviral immunity and retroviral defence.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim5%ce%b1/feed/ 0 RIG‑I https://www.laboratorynotes.com/rig-i/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/rig-i/#respond Tue, 25 Aug 2026 07:19:37 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=29833 RIG‑I is a cytosolic pattern‑recognition receptor that detects viral RNA and activates innate immunity. Its CARD domains become exposed and ubiquitinated by TRIM25, enabling RIG‑I to bind MAVS and trigger interferon production. Through this pathway, RIG‑I converts viral RNA detection into a strong antiviral response.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/rig-i/feed/ 0 MDA5 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/mda5/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/mda5/#respond Tue, 25 Aug 2026 06:55:32 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=29835 MDA5 is a cytosolic receptor that detects long viral double‑stranded RNA and activates MAVS‑dependent interferon signalling. Its ATP‑driven filament formation enables precise recognition of replicating RNA viruses, while LGP2 stabilises MDA5 filaments to ensure accurate antiviral responses.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/mda5/feed/ 0 TRIM21 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim21/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim21/#respond Sun, 23 Aug 2026 20:33:41 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=29829 TRIM21 is a unique intracellular antibody receptor and RING finger ubiquitin ligase that neutralises antibody‑coated viruses inside the cytosol. Through its PRY/SPRY domain and tripartite motif, TRIM21 triggers rapid ubiquitin‑mediated degradation and activates antiviral signalling pathways. Its roles in immunity, autoimmunity and biotechnology make TRIM21 a key regulator of intracellular defence.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim21/feed/ 0 TRIM25 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim25/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim25/#respond Sun, 23 Aug 2026 20:28:33 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=29827 TRIM25 is a RING finger ubiquitin ligase that activates the antiviral sensor RIG‑I through K63‑linked ubiquitination. Its tripartite motif and PRY/SPRY domain enable precise regulation of innate immune signalling, interferon production and viral restriction. TRIM25 is targeted by multiple viruses, highlighting its importance as a frontline antiviral factor.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim25/feed/ 0 TRIM Family https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim-family/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim-family/#respond Sun, 23 Aug 2026 20:20:49 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=29825 The TRIM family is a large group of single‑chain RING finger ubiquitin ligases that regulate innate immunity, antiviral defence, autophagy, transcription and protein quality control. Defined by their tripartite motif—RING, B‑box and coiled‑coil domains—TRIM proteins use diverse C‑terminal regions to achieve precise substrate specificity. Their roles in immunity, development and cancer make them key regulators of cellular homeostasis.

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]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/trim-family/feed/ 0 Polysaccharide Vaccine https://www.laboratorynotes.com/polysaccharide-vaccine/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/polysaccharide-vaccine/#comments Thu, 25 Sep 2025 23:26:08 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=26497 The post Polysaccharide Vaccine appeared first on Laboratory Notes.

]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/polysaccharide-vaccine/feed/ 1 Immunomodulation https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immunomodulation/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immunomodulation/#respond Tue, 23 Sep 2025 18:19:27 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=26197 The post Immunomodulation appeared first on Laboratory Notes.

]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immunomodulation/feed/ 0 Anticoagulant  https://www.laboratorynotes.com/anticoagulant/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/anticoagulant/#respond Tue, 23 Sep 2025 15:13:00 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=26191 The post Anticoagulant  appeared first on Laboratory Notes.

]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/anticoagulant/feed/ 0 Immunology https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immunology/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immunology/#respond Tue, 16 Sep 2025 20:43:51 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=25519 The post Immunology appeared first on Laboratory Notes.

]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immunology/feed/ 0 Transplantation https://www.laboratorynotes.com/transplantation/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/transplantation/#respond Tue, 16 Sep 2025 19:47:03 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=25507 The post Transplantation appeared first on Laboratory Notes.

]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/transplantation/feed/ 0 Autoimmunity https://www.laboratorynotes.com/autoimmunity/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/autoimmunity/#comments Tue, 16 Sep 2025 19:08:18 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=25505 The post Autoimmunity appeared first on Laboratory Notes.

]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/autoimmunity/feed/ 1 Immunodeficiency https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immunodeficiency/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immunodeficiency/#respond Tue, 16 Sep 2025 16:40:45 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=25503 The post Immunodeficiency appeared first on Laboratory Notes.

]]> https://www.laboratorynotes.com/immunodeficiency/feed/ 0 Clinical immunology https://www.laboratorynotes.com/clinical-immunology/ https://www.laboratorynotes.com/clinical-immunology/#respond Tue, 16 Sep 2025 16:36:08 +0000 https://www.laboratorynotes.com/?p=25501 The post Clinical immunology appeared first on Laboratory Notes.

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