Artificial selection occurs when humans selectively breed organisms with desirable heritable traits. Learn how selective breeding changes allele frequencies and genetic composition over generations.
Natural selection is a key mechanism of evolution in which heritable differences in survival and reproduction cause changes in populations over generations.
Migration and gene flow are important evolutionary processes that move alleles between populations. Learn how gene flow affects genetic variation, allele frequencies, population structure, and evolution.
Mutation is the ultimate source of new genetic variation. Learn how mutations arise, their types and effects, and how they influence allele frequencies and evolution.
