Tag: Aneuploidy

Mosaicism occurs when an individual has two or more genetically different populations of cells. Learn about its types, causes, genetic mutations, chromosomal abnormalities, inheritance, diagnosis, and effects on health.

Chromosomal abnormalities are changes in chromosome number or structure that can affect genes, development, reproduction, and disease. Learn about their types, causes, effects, diagnosis, and genetic testing.

Aurora C kinase is a germ‑cell‑enriched member of the Chromosomal Passenger Complex that safeguards meiotic chromosome segregation. By regulating kinetochore–microtubule interactions and cytokinesis, Aurora C ensures gamete quality and genomic stability. Its dysregulation contributes to infertility and tumour progression.

The kinetochore is a dynamic protein complex assembled on centromeric chromatin that binds spindle microtubules, generates tension and ensures accurate chromosome segregation. Through coordinated interactions with Aurora B kinase and spindle checkpoint signalling, the kinetochore maintains mitotic fidelity and prevents aneuploidy.

The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is a mitotic surveillance system that prevents premature anaphase onset by monitoring kinetochore–microtubule attachment and tension. Through coordinated action with Aurora B kinase and the Chromosomal Passenger Complex, the SAC ensures accurate chromosome segregation and protects cells from aneuploidy.

Mitotic error correction is a tension‑sensing mechanism that detects and destabilises incorrect kinetochore–microtubule attachments. Driven by Aurora B kinase and the Chromosomal Passenger Complex, this process ensures accurate chromosome segregation and prevents aneuploidy, making it essential for genomic stability.

Genomic instability describes the increased tendency of cells to accumulate genetic alterations due to failures in DNA repair, replication fidelity, and chromosome segregation. It plays a central role in cancer development, ageing, and hereditary disorders.