The molarity of 32% (w/w) Hydrochloric Acid is 10.181 M.
OVERVIEW
A 32% (w/w) Hydrochloric Acid is a clear colorless aqueous solution of Hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas. It can be purchased from many commercial suppliers.
The “%” refers to solution concentration in percentage and “(w/w)” refers to solute and solution amount given in grams (i.e., percentage by weight). This means a 32% (w/w) Hydrochloric acid contains 32 g of HCl per 100 g of solution.
The density of 32% (w/w) Hydrochloric acid solution is 1.16 g/ml at 20°C which means the weight of the 1 ml of the hydrochloric acid solution is 1.16 g at 20°C.
Molarity refers to the number of moles of the solute present in 1 liter of solution. To calculate the Molarity of 32% (w/w) Hydrochloric Acid (HCl), you need to know how many moles of HCl are present in 1 liter of solution. In simple words, 1 mole is equal to the molecular weight of the substance. For example, 1 mole of Hydrogen chloride is equal to 36.46 g of hydrogen chloride (Molecular Weight: 36.46). To calculate the molarity, one must first calculate how much Hydrogen chloride is present in 1 L of 32% Hydrochloric acid. Once we know the amount of HCl present in 1 L solution, we can calculate the molarity of the solution by dividing the HCl amount by the molecular weight.
Calculation procedure
| Known values | |
| Molar mass of Hydrogen chloride | 36.46 g/mole |
| Concentration of Hydrochloric acid | 32% (% by mass, w/w) |
| Density of 37% Hydrochloric acid | 1.16 g/ml |
Step 1: Calculate the volume of 100 grams of Hydrochloric acid.
Formula:
Density = Weight/Volume
OR
Volume = Weight/Density
The volume of 100 g of Hydrochloric acid: 100/1.16 = 86.2068965517 ml
Note: 32% (w/w) Hydrochloric acid means that 100 g of Hydrochloric acid contains 32 g of HCl.
The volume of 100 g of Hydrochloric acid is 86.2068965517 ml which means 32 g of HCl is present in 86.2068965517 ml of Hydrochloric acid.
Step 2: Calculate how many grams of HCl is present in 1000 ml of Hydrochloric acid.
86.2068965517 ml of Hydrochloric acid contains = 32 grams of HCl
1 ml of Hydrochloric acid will contain = 32/86.2068965517 grams of HCl
1000 ml of Hydrochloric acid will contain = (1000 x 32)/86.2068965517 = 371.2 grams of HCl
1000 ml of Hydrochloric acid will contain 371.20 grams of HCl.
Step 3: Calculate the number of moles of HCl in 371.20 grams of HCl.
36.46 g of HCl is equal to 1 mole.
1 g of HCl will be equal to 1/36.46 moles.
371.20 grams of Hydrogen chloride will be equal to = (371.20 x 1)/36.46 = 10.181 moles
Therefore, we can say that 1 liter of Hydrochloric acid contains 10.181 moles of HCl or in other words molarity of 36% (w/w) Hydrochloric acid is equal to 10.181 M.
Calculator – Calculate the molarity of concentrated Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) Molecular weight: 36.46 g/mole
Concentration of Hydrochloric acid: % (wt/wt)
(Change the % (wt/wt) concentration)
Density of glacial Hydrochloric acid: g/ml
(Change the density)
Molarity of Hydrochloric acid: 10.181 M
