Category: Lab Notes: Physiology

Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for numerous biological processes, existing in two primary forms: preformed vitamin A (retinol)…

Water-soluble vitamins consist of the B-complex vitamins and vitamin C, which play vital roles in metabolism, energy production, and cellular…

Micronutrients are essential compounds required by organisms in small quantities to orchestrate a range of physiological functions. These include vitamins…

Fat-soluble vitamins are a group of essential micronutrients that dissolve in fats and oils and are absorbed along with dietary…

Nucleic acid metabolism encompasses the complex processes of synthesis, degradation, and regulation of DNA and RNA, which are essential for…

Protein metabolism encompasses the complex processes by which proteins are synthesized, broken down, and recycled in living organisms. This intricate…

Macronutrients are the primary nutrients required in large amounts by the human body for energy, growth, and maintenance. They consist…

Vitamins are essential organic compounds required in small quantities for normal growth, development, and maintenance of health. Unlike macronutrients (carbohydrates,…

Vitamin D deficiency is a common health concern worldwide, affecting people across all age groups.  Vitamin D is a fat-soluble…

Circadian rhythm refers to the natural, internal process that regulates the sleep–wake cycle and other biological rhythms within a roughly…