- The INS-GAS mouse model is a valuable research tool for studying gastric cancer development, created by combining the human gastrin gene with the insulin promoter. This genetic modification leads to gastrin overexpression in pancreatic β-cells, resulting in hypergastrinemia and subsequent gastric pathology.
- These mice develop gastric cancer in a manner that closely mirrors human disease progression. The process begins with epithelial hyperplasia, advances through metaplasia and dysplasia, and ultimately leads to adenocarcinoma. This predictable progression makes the model particularly useful for studying disease development and potential interventions at various stages.
- The model is especially relevant for studying Helicobacter pylori’s role in gastric cancer. When infected with H. pylori or H. felis, INS-GAS mice show accelerated development of precancerous and cancerous lesions, similar to human pathology. This allows researchers to investigate the relationship between bacterial infection, inflammation, and cancer development.
- Chronic inflammation, a key driver of gastric cancer, is well-represented in INS-GAS mice through elevated inflammatory markers and immune cell infiltration. This feature enables research into inflammatory mechanisms and the testing of anti-inflammatory treatments. The model also facilitates studies on environmental influences, including diet and microbiota.
- The INS-GAS model has contributed significantly to understanding molecular pathways in gastric cancer and identifying potential therapeutic targets. It serves as a platform for preclinical drug testing, including studies of antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, and novel cancer therapies. This research continues to inform improvements in gastric cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
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