- Bombus alpinus, commonly known as the alpine bumblebee, is a remarkable species of bumblebee adapted to the harsh conditions of alpine and arctic environments. Native to Europe and Eurasia, this resilient pollinator thrives in flower-rich tundra and mountainous regions, where it plays a vital role in supporting fragile ecosystems.
- It moves with determined precision across the alpine meadows, its robust, furry body perfectly suited for cold climates. Measuring about 15–20 millimeters in length, Bombus alpinus is one of the larger bumblebee species, with queens being particularly striking in size.
- The alpine bumblebee’s most striking features include its dense, insulating fur, which ranges in color from black to yellow and orange, depending on the individual and region. This fur helps it retain heat while foraging in chilly conditions. Its long tongue allows it to access nectar from deep flowers, making it an important pollinator for alpine plants.
- Bombus alpinus lives in small colonies, typically consisting of a queen, workers, and males. These colonies are established in spring, with the queen emerging from hibernation to find a suitable nesting site. Workers forage for nectar and pollen, which are stored to feed the colony’s larvae. Unlike honeybees, bumblebee colonies are annual, dying off in autumn except for the newly mated queens, who hibernate through the winter.
- The life cycle of Bombus alpinus is closely tied to the short growing season of its alpine habitat. Queens emerge early in spring to take advantage of the first blooms, while workers and males are produced later in the season. These bees are solitary foragers, often traveling long distances to find flowers in sparse tundra landscapes.
- Despite their resilience, alpine bumblebees face significant threats from climate change, habitat loss, and competition with other pollinators. Rising temperatures and shrinking alpine habitats are particularly concerning, as they reduce the availability of flowers and nesting sites. Conservation efforts, including habitat protection and climate adaptation strategies, are crucial for safeguarding this species.
