- Calcium silicate is a white, free-flowing, inorganic compound composed primarily of calcium oxide (CaO) and silicon dioxide (SiO₂), with the general chemical formula Ca₂SiO₄ or CaSiO₃ depending on the specific type.
- It appears as a fine powder or granular solid and is known for its high thermal resistance, low bulk density, and excellent insulation properties. Calcium silicate is odorless, non-flammable, and chemically stable under a wide range of environmental conditions. These attributes make it suitable for both industrial and consumer applications.
- One of the most prominent uses of calcium silicate is in the construction and insulation industries. As an effective thermal insulator, it is widely used in the form of boards, blocks, and pipe coverings to protect high-temperature equipment such as furnaces, kilns, boilers, and pipelines. It resists temperatures up to around 1000°C and offers excellent dimensional stability, making it a preferred material for fireproofing and passive fire protection systems in buildings. Its low thermal conductivity helps reduce energy loss in industrial processes.
- In addition to insulation, calcium silicate is employed as a reinforcing agent in building materials such as cement, plaster, and concrete. It enhances durability, reduces shrinkage, and contributes to the material’s overall mechanical strength. Some calcium silicate-based products are also used in lightweight construction panels and fire-rated partitions, where strength and fire resistance are required in combination.
- Calcium silicate also finds applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. In food products, it is used as an anti-caking agent (E552), particularly in powdered foods such as salt, spices, and baking powder, to ensure free flow and prevent moisture-induced clumping. In pharmaceuticals, it is used in tablet formulations to aid powder flow during manufacturing. Additionally, it may be included in personal care products like toothpaste and powders for its absorbent and thickening properties.
