- Limosilactobacillus reuteri is a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium known for its probiotic properties and wide-ranging health benefits. Formerly classified as Lactobacillus reuteri, this bacterium is naturally found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. It plays a crucial role in promoting gut health, modulating the immune system, and supporting various physiological functions.
- One of the distinguishing features of L. reuteri is its ability to produce reuterin, a broad-spectrum antimicrobial compound that inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria, fungi, and some protozoa. This antimicrobial activity helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota and prevents the overgrowth of opportunistic pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Clostridioides difficile. In addition, L. reuteri produces lactic acid, which helps lower intestinal pH, creating an unfavorable environment for pathogenic microbes.
- L. reuteri has been extensively studied for its role in gastrointestinal health. Clinical research indicates that it is effective in alleviating symptoms of infant colic, reducing the severity and duration of acute infectious diarrhea, and preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). In individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), L. reuteri supplementation has been associated with reduced bloating, improved bowel regularity, and overall symptom relief.
- Beyond gut health, L. reuteri is known to support oral and dental health. Studies suggest that it may help reduce dental plaque formation, combat halitosis (bad breath), and lower the risk of cavities and gum disease by inhibiting the growth of harmful oral bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans. Its presence in the oral microbiota contributes to a healthier balance of beneficial microbes.
- L. reuteri also plays a significant role in immune modulation. It has been shown to enhance immune function by promoting anti-inflammatory cytokines and increasing regulatory T-cell activity, which helps maintain immune balance. Some studies suggest that supplementation with L. reuteri may reduce the frequency and severity of respiratory infections, particularly in children and the elderly.
- Emerging research indicates that L. reuteri may have potential benefits for metabolic and cardiovascular health. Some studies suggest that it may improve lipid metabolism, help regulate blood sugar levels, and contribute to weight management by influencing gut microbiota composition. Additionally, L. reuteri has been explored for its potential role in bone health, as it may enhance calcium absorption and bone density, particularly in postmenopausal women.
- L. reuteri is widely regarded as safe for human consumption and is available in various probiotic formulations, including supplements, fermented dairy products, and functional foods. It is generally well-tolerated, but individuals with compromised immune systems should consult a healthcare provider before taking probiotic supplements. The optimal dosage varies depending on the intended health benefit, but typical doses range from 1 to 10 billion colony-forming units (CFU) per day.
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