- Synonyms:
- Nucleophosmin/B23
- Nucleophosmin
- Numatrin
- B23
- NPM
- NPM1
- NO38
- Note: NPM1 is commonly referred to as nucleophosmin, while other nucleophosmins like NPM2 are typically not called nucleophosmin.
- Evolutionary significance: Highly conserved in vertebrates
- Remarks: Highly dynamic, shuttling phosphoprotein
- Subcellular localization: Localization is dynamically regulated during cell cycle
- Abundantly present in the nucleolus
- Can also be found in:
- Nucleoplasm
- Cytoplasm
- Note: Shuttling protein, shuttle between the granular component of the nucleolus and cytoplasm during the cell cycle.
- NPM1 Function: Multifunctional protein
- DNA replication
- DNA Recombination
- DNA Transcription
- DNA Repair
- Ribosome assembly
- Protein folding
- Centrosome duplication
- NPM overexpression: Enhances proliferation and oncogene-mediated transformation
- NPM knockout mice: Embryonic lethal
- NPM -/- mouse embryonic fibroblast:
- Express relatively high expression of p53 and p21
- Undergo senescence and growth arrest
- NPM enhances activities of oncogenic c-Myc
- NPM overexpression stimulates, while its depletion represses c-Myc-induced hyperproliferation and transformation. (Li et al., 2008)
- NPM in cancer: Genetic alterations, as well as changes in gene expression and protein localization, have been detected in various cancers, including bladder, colon, gastric, ovarian, and prostate cancers.
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