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Functional Dyspepsia
Functional dyspepsia is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic or recurrent upper abdominal discomfort or pain without any identifiable…
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) is a rare but serious medical condition characterized by the development of one or more gastrin-secreting tumors,…
Acute Gastritis
Acute gastritis is a condition characterized by the sudden onset of inflammation in the lining of the stomach (gastric mucosa)….
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a class of medications widely used to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and lower fever. They…
Peptic Ulcer
Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop on the inner lining of the stomach (gastric ulcers), the first part of…
Gastritis
Gastritis refers to inflammation of the stomach lining, or gastric mucosa. It encompasses a spectrum of conditions ranging from acute…
Chronic Active Gastritis
Chronic active gastritis is a form of long-standing inflammation of the gastric mucosa that is characterized histologically by the persistent…
Co-evolution of Helicobacter pylori and Modern Humans
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium that colonizes the human stomach and is known for its role in gastritis,…
Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E (eIF4E)
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is a key regulator of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. It plays a pivotal…
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH)
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a pivotal enzyme in glycolysis, catalyzing the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. It exists as…
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR Spectroscopy)
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique that exploits the magnetic properties of certain atomic nuclei to…
Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis Spectroscopy)
UV-Vis spectroscopy, or ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, is a fundamental analytical technique that measures the absorption of light by molecules in the…
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a non-destructive analytical technique that studies the interaction of matter with electromagnetic radiation in the near-infrared…
Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Fluorescence spectroscopy is a highly sensitive analytical technique that measures the emission of light from molecules following excitation by electromagnetic…
Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the scientific study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation, used to analyze the composition, structure, and…