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Central Hypoventilation Syndrome
Central hypoventilation syndrome (CHS) is a rare disorder of respiratory control in which the brain fails to generate or maintain…
Uniparental Disomy
Uniparental disomy (UPD) is a rare genetic condition where an individual inherits both copies of a chromosome or chromosomal region…
Angelman Syndrome
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe developmental delays, speech impairment, movement and balance problems, and…
UBE3A
UBE3A (Ubiquitin Protein Ligase E3A), also known as E6-Associated Protein (E6-AP), is a crucial enzyme that plays a vital role…
Inbreeding Coefficient
The inbreeding coefficient (F) is a fundamental concept in genetics and animal breeding that measures the probability that two alleles…
Caesarean Section
A Caesarean section (C-section) is a major surgical procedure in which a baby is delivered through incisions made in the…
Pyometra
Pyometra is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that primarily affects intact (non-spayed) female dogs, though it can also occur…
Dystocia
Dystocia refers to difficult or abnormal labor, characterized by slow or obstructed progress of childbirth despite strong uterine contractions. It…
SPATA16
SPATA16 (Spermatogenesis Associated 16) is a critical gene involved in male fertility and sperm development, particularly in acrosome formation during…
DPY19L2
DPY19L2 is a critical gene that plays an essential role in spermatogenesis and male fertility. It is particularly important for…
Globozoospermia
Globozoospermia is a rare but severe form of male infertility characterized by round-headed spermatozoa that lack an acrosome. This condition…
Teratozoospermia
Teratozoospermia is a male fertility condition characterized by the presence of sperm with abnormal morphology in proportions exceeding normal parameters….
UBA1
UBA1 (Ubiquitin-Like Modifier Activating Enzyme 1), also known as UBE1, is the primary ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) in human cells and…
Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy
Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) is a rare, adult-onset genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness that primarily affects the muscles…
UBE2C
UBE2C (Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 C) is a specialized member of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family that plays a pivotal role…