Author: admin

Pullulan is a microbial polysaccharide produced mainly by the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans, composed of repeating maltotriose units linked through α-(1→6)…

Scleroglucan, often referred to as scleroglycan, is a high-molecular-weight extracellular polysaccharide produced by fungi of the genus Sclerotium, most notably…

Curdlan is a microbial polysaccharide composed of linear β-(1→3)-glucan chains, produced mainly by bacteria such as Alcaligenes faecalis and certain…

Laminarin is a storage polysaccharide found predominantly in brown algae, such as Laminaria and Saccharina species, where it serves as…

Fucoidan is a complex sulfated polysaccharide primarily found in the cell walls of brown seaweeds such as Fucus vesiculosus, Undaria…

Xylan is a major class of hemicellulosic polysaccharides found in the cell walls of plants, making it one of the…

Arabinogalactan is a naturally occurring polysaccharide composed of arabinose and galactose sugar units, widely distributed in plants, microorganisms, and some…

Gum arabic, also known as acacia gum, is a natural exudate obtained from the hardened sap of Acacia senegal and…

Hypoglycemia is a condition characterized by abnormally low blood glucose (sugar) levels, typically defined as plasma glucose below 70 mg/dL…

Immunomodulation refers to the process of adjusting or regulating the immune system’s activity to restore balance, enhance defense against pathogens,…

Antimicrobials are agents that inhibit the growth of or destroy microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. They represent one…

Antioxidants are a diverse group of molecules that play a crucial role in protecting biological systems from oxidative stress by…

An anticoagulant is a substance that prevents or reduces blood clot formation by interfering with the normal coagulation process.  Blood…

A macromolecule is a very large molecule composed of thousands, sometimes millions, of atoms, typically formed by the polymerization of…

The microbiome refers to the entire community of microorganisms—including bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses, and protozoa—that live in association with a…